How are hate crimes detected: By reporting a crime at the police, and then they examine it in terms of all its characteristics, conditions, environment of perpetrator and victims in order to assess what type of crime is.
According to OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (2020), the most recent data of 2020 reported that 171 hate crimes happened in Greece, with most of them related to race and xenophobic ideas.
Vandalism at the Orthodox Christian Church of Xanthi, Greece
Source: https://greekcitytimes.com/2020/09/03/vandals-desecrate-church-in-xanthi/
How are hate crimes detected: It is first reported to the police and then they report it to the Crime Report Registry that examines the type of the crime.
According to OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (2020), the most recent data of 2020 reported that 40 hate crimes happened in Cyprus, with most of them related to race and xenophobic ideas.
Vandalism at the Köprülü Mosque in Limassol, Cyprus
Source: https://in-cyprus.philenews.com/cyprus-religious-leaders-condemn-vandalism-at-limassol-mosque/
How are hate crimes detected: These criminal acts are recorded as belonging to a distinct category and belong to the context of “politically motivated crime”
According to OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (2020), the most recent data of 2020 reported that 10,240 hate crimes happened in Germany, with most of them related to race and xenophobic ideas.
Vandalism at the Jewish Synagogue, western state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
How are hate crimes detected: There is no specific procedure of recording them, the same procedure as reporting other crimes is followed.
According to OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (2020), the most recent data of 2020 reported that 132 hate crimes happened in Portugal.
Vandalism at the Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Sunalta in southwest Calgary, Portugal
Source: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/calgary-church-vandalisms-1.6179229